Mijbil the Otter

by Gavin Maxwell | NCERT Class 10 English - First Flight

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The Story

Part I

EARLY in the New Year of 1956 I travelled to Southern Iraq. By then it had crossed my mind that I should like to keep an otter instead of a dog, and that Camusfearna, ringed by water a stone's throw from its door, would be an eminently suitable spot for this experiment.

When I casually mentioned this to a friend, he as casually replied that I had better get one in the Tigris marshes, for there they were as common as mosquitoes, and were often tamed by the Arabs. We were going to Basra to the Consulate-General to collect and answer our mail from Europe. At the Consulate-General we found that my friend's mail had arrived but that mine had not.

I cabled to England, and when, three days later, nothing had happened, I tried to telephone. The call had to be booked twenty-four hours in advance. On the first day the line was out of order; on the second the exchange was closed for a religious holiday. On the third day there was another breakdown. My friend left, and I arranged to meet him in a week's time. Five days later, my mail arrived.

I carried it to my bedroom to read, and there, squatting on the floor, were two Arabs; beside them lay a sack that squirmed from time to time. They handed me a note from my friend: "Here is your otter..."

Part II

With the opening of that sack began a phase of my life that has not yet ended, and may, for all I know, not end before I do. It is, in effect, a thraldom to otters, an otter fixation, that I have since found to be shared by most other people, who have ever owned one.

The creature that emerged from this sack on to the spacious tiled floor of the Consulate bedroom resembled most of all a very small, medievally-conceived, dragon. From the head to the tip of the tail he was coated with symmetrical pointed scales of mud armour, between whose tips was visible a soft velvet fur like that of a chocolate-brown mole. He shook himself, and I half expected a cloud of dust, but in fact it was not for another month that I managed to remove the last of the mud and see the otter, as it were, in his true colours.

Mijbil, as I called the otter, was, in fact, of a race previously unknown to science, and was at length christened by zoologists Lutrogale perspicillata maxwelli, or Maxwell's otter. For the first twenty-four hours Mijbil was neither hostile nor friendly; he was simply aloof and indifferent, choosing to sleep on the floor as far from my bed as possible.

The second night Mijbil came on to my bed in the small hours and remained asleep in the crook of my knees until the servant brought tea in the morning, and during the day he began to lose his apathy and take a keen, much too keen, interest in his surroundings. I made a body-belt for him and took him on a lead to the bathroom, where for half an hour he went wild with joy in the water, plunging and rolling in it, shooting up and down the length of the bathtub underwater, and making enough slosh and splash for a hippo.

"This, I was to learn, is a characteristic of otters; every drop of water must be, so to speak, extended and spread about the place; a bowl must at once be overturned, or, if it will not be overturned, be sat in and sploshed in until it overflows. Water must be kept on the move and made to do things; when static it is wasted and provoking."

Two days later, Mijbil escaped from my bedroom as I entered it, and I turned to see his tail disappearing round the bend of the corridor that led to the bathroom. By the time I got there he was up on the end of the bathtub and fumbling at the chromium taps with his paws. I watched, amazed; in less than a minute he had turned the tap far enough to produce a trickle of water, and after a moment or two achieved the full flow. (He had been lucky to turn the tap the right way; on later occasions he would sometimes screw it up still tighter, chittering with irritation and disappointment at the tap's failure to cooperate.)

Very soon Mij would follow me without a lead and come to me when I called his name. He spent most of his time in play. He spent hours shuffling a rubber ball round the room like a four-footed soccer player using all four feet to dribble the ball, and he could also throw it, with a powerful flick of the neck, to a surprising height and distance. But the real play of an otter is when he lies on his back and juggles with small objects between his paws. Marbles were Mij's favourite toys for this pastime: he would lie on his back rolling two or more of them up and down his wide, flat belly without ever dropping one to the floor.

Part III

The days passed peacefully at Basra, but I dreaded the prospect of transporting Mij to England, and to Camusfearna. The British airline to London would not fly animals, so I booked a flight to Paris on another airline, and from there to London. The airline insisted that Mij should be packed into a box not more than eighteen inches square, to be carried on the floor at my feet. I had a box made, and an hour before we started, I put Mij into the box so that he would become accustomed to it, and left for a hurried meal.

When I returned, there was an appalling spectacle. There was complete silence from the box, but from its airholes and chinks around the lid, blood had trickled and dried. I whipped off the lock and tore open the lid, and Mij, exhausted and blood-spattered, whimpered and caught at my leg. He had torn the lining of the box to shreds; when I removed the last of it so that there were no cutting edges left, it was just ten minutes until the time of the flight, and the airport was five miles distant. I put the miserable Mij back into the box, holding down the lid with my hand.

I sat in the back of the car with the box beside me as the driver tore through the streets of Basra like a ricochetting bullet. The aircraft was waiting to take off; I was rushed through to it by infuriated officials. Luckily, the seat booked for me was at the extreme front. I covered the floor around my feet with newspapers, rang for the air hostess, and gave her a parcel of fish (for Mij) to keep in a cool place. I took her into my confidence about the events of the last half hour. I have retained the most profound admiration for that air hostess; she was the very queen of her kind. She suggested that I might prefer to have my pet on my knee, and I could have kissed her hand in the depth of my gratitude. But, not knowing otters, I was quite unprepared for what followed.

Mij was out of the box in a flash. He disappeared at high speed down the aircraft. There were squawks and shrieks, and a woman stood up on her seat screaming out, "A rat! A rat!" I caught sight of Mij's tail disappearing beneath the legs of a portly white-turbaned Indian. Diving for it, I missed, but found my face covered in curry. "Perhaps," said the air hostess with the most charming smile, "it would be better if you resumed your seat, and I will find the animal and bring it to you."

I returned to my seat. I was craning my neck trying to follow the hunt when suddenly I heard from my feet a distressed chitter of recognition and welcome, and Mij bounded on to my knee and began to nuzzle my face and my neck.

Part IV

After an eventful journey, Maxwell and his otter reach London, where he has a flat.

Mij and I remained in London for nearly a month. He would play for hours with a selection of toys, ping-pong balls, marbles, rubber fruit, and a terrapin shell that I had brought back from his native marshes. With the ping-pong ball he invented a game of his own which could keep him engrossed for up to half an hour at a time. A suitcase that I had taken to Iraq had become damaged on the journey home, so that the lid, when closed, remained at a slope from one end to the other. Mij discovered that if he placed the ball on the high end it would run down the length of the suitcase. He would dash around to the other end to ambush its arrival, hide from it, crouching, to spring up and take it by surprise, grab it and trot off with it to the high end once more.

Outside the house I exercised him on a lead, precisely as if he had been a dog. Mij quickly developed certain compulsive habits on these walks in the London streets, like the rituals of children who on their way to and from school must place their feet squarely on the centre of each paving block; must touch every seventh upright of the iron railings, or pass to the outside of every second lamp post. Opposite to my flat was a single-storied primary school, along whose frontage ran a low wall some two feet high. On his way home, but never on his way out, Mij would tug me to this wall, jump on to it, and gallop the full length of its thirty yards, to the hopeless distraction both of pupils and of staff within.

It is not, I suppose, in any way strange that the average Londoner should not recognise an otter, but the variety of guesses as to what kind of animal this might be came as a surprise to me. Otters belong to a comparatively small group of animals called Mustellines, shared by the badger, mongoose, weasel, stoat, mink and others. I faced a continuous barrage of conjectural questions that sprayed all the Mustellines but the otter; more random guesses hit on 'a baby seal' and 'a squirrel.' 'Is that a walrus, mister?' reduced me to giggles, and outside a dog show I heard 'a hippo'. A beaver, a bear cub, a leopard — one, apparently, that had changed its spots — and a 'brontosaur'; Mij was anything but an otter.

"But the question for which I awarded the highest score came from a labourer digging a hole in the street. I was still far from him when he laid down his tool, put his hands on his hips, and began to stare. As I drew nearer I saw his expression of surprise and affront, as though he would have me know that he was not one upon whom to play jokes. I came abreast of him; he spat, glared, and then growled out, 'Here, Mister — what is that supposed to be?'"

Vocabulary

Camusfearna: The author's home in Scotland

Tigris marshes: Wetlands near the Tigris River in Iraq

Basra: A city in southern Iraq

Consulate-General: A government office in a foreign country

thraldom: The state of being under someone's control or influence

Lutrogale perspicillata maxwelli: The scientific name given to Mijbil by zoologists

Mustellines: A family of mammals including otters, badgers, weasels, and minks

terrapin: A type of freshwater turtle

ricochetting: Bouncing or rebounding off surfaces

chittering: Making rapid, high-pitched sounds

nuzzle: To rub or push against gently with the nose

aloof: Distant, reserved, not friendly

apathy: Lack of interest or enthusiasm

appalling: Shocking, horrifying

compulsive: Done as a result of an irresistible urge

conjectural: Based on guesswork rather than knowledge

sploshed: To splash or splash about in water

whimpered: To make a low, broken, crying sound

squawks: Loud, harsh sounds

shrieks: High-pitched, piercing cries

portly: Stout, heavy, or fat

craning: Stretching the neck to see something

engrossed: Completely absorbed or occupied

ambush: To attack from a concealed position

affront: An insult or offense

Summary

Plot Summary

Setting: The story takes place in 1956, beginning in Southern Iraq and then moving to England, where the author lives in a place called Camusfearna.

The Story in Four Parts:

1. The Decision and Journey to Basra

The author decides he wants to keep an otter as a pet instead of a dog. He mentions this to a friend who tells him that otters are common in the Tigris marshes near Basra and are often tamed by Arabs. They travel to Basra to collect mail from Europe, where the author faces communication difficulties - phone lines are down, exchanges are closed for holidays, and there are technical breakdowns. After his friend leaves, the author finally receives his mail and discovers two Arabs in his bedroom with a squirming sack containing the otter.

2. Receiving and Getting to Know Mijbil

The creature emerges covered in mud, resembling a medieval dragon. The author names him Mijbil, who is later identified as a new species by zoologists as Lutrogale perspicillata maxwelli, or Maxwell's otter. Initially aloof and indifferent, Mijbil gradually becomes more comfortable, sleeping on the author's bed and showing his love for water in the bathroom. He demonstrates remarkable intelligence by learning to turn on water taps and develops playful behaviors with toys, particularly marbles and rubber balls. The author describes Mijbil's characteristic behavior with water - how otters must keep water moving and spread it around.

3. The Challenging Journey to England

The author dreads transporting Mijbil to England. Since British airlines won't fly animals, he books a flight to Paris on another airline, and from there to London. Mijbil is packed in a small box (eighteen inches square), but he tears the lining and injures himself, causing bleeding. The journey is chaotic - Mijbil escapes on the plane, causing panic among passengers who mistake him for a rat, but eventually returns to the author's lap. The air hostess proves invaluable in helping manage the situation, suggesting that Mijbil stay on the author's knee rather than in the box.

4. Life in London with Mijbil

In London, Mijbil becomes a playful companion, inventing games with ping-pong balls and developing compulsive walking habits. He exercises on a lead like a dog and creates amusing situations when Londoners fail to recognize him as an otter, guessing everything from "baby seal" and "squirrel" to "walrus," "hippo," "beaver," "bear cub," "leopard," and even "brontosaur." Mijbil develops specific rituals during walks, like touching every seventh railing or jumping on a low wall near a school to gallop its full length. The story ends with a humorous encounter where a street laborer demands to know what kind of animal Mijbil is supposed to be, showing his surprise and affront at the unusual sight.

Key Details from the Text:

  • Timing: The story begins in early 1956, and Mijbil and the author remain in London for nearly a month.
  • Communication Issues: The author had to book phone calls 24 hours in advance, faced religious holiday closures, and technical breakdowns.
  • Mijbil's Intelligence: He learned to turn water taps within two days of arrival, though sometimes turned them the wrong way.
  • Water Behavior: Mijbil would go "wild with joy" in water for half an hour, creating enough splash "for a hippo."
  • Playful Nature: He could juggle marbles on his belly without dropping them and invented his own games with ping-pong balls.
  • Compulsive Habits: Mijbil developed specific walking rituals like touching every seventh railing and jumping on a low wall near a school.
  • London Reactions: People guessed Mijbil was everything from a "baby seal" to a "brontosaur," showing complete unfamiliarity with otters.

Character Analysis

The Author (Gavin Maxwell)

Personality: A thoughtful, adventurous person who develops a deep fascination with otters and forms a strong bond with Mijbil.

Traits:

  • Adventurous and willing to try unconventional pets
  • Patient and understanding with animals
  • Reflective and observant of nature
  • Determined to care for Mijbil despite challenges
  • Appreciative of the unique bond formed with the otter
  • Resourceful in solving transportation problems
Mijbil (The Otter)

Personality: An intelligent, playful, and mischievous otter who becomes a loyal companion and demonstrates remarkable abilities.

Traits:

  • Initially aloof and indifferent, then affectionate
  • Highly intelligent - learns to turn water taps
  • Playful and inventive with toys and games
  • Loves water and creates chaos in bathrooms
  • Develops compulsive walking habits
  • Mischievous during travel - escapes and causes chaos
  • Loyal and trusting once bond is formed
  • Recognized as a new species by zoologists
The Friend

Personality: Helpful and resourceful, goes out of his way to help the author get an otter.

Traits:

  • Helpful and supportive
  • Knowledgeable about local wildlife
  • Resourceful in finding and delivering the otter
  • Thoughtful in his actions
  • Willing to go the extra mile for a friend
The Arabs

Personality: Local people who help deliver the otter to the author.

Traits:

  • Helpful in delivering the otter
  • Familiar with local wildlife and customs
  • Willing to assist strangers
  • Professional in their delivery service
The Air Hostess

Personality: Exceptionally helpful and understanding during the chaotic flight with Mijbil.

Traits:

  • Extremely helpful and resourceful
  • Calm under pressure
  • Understanding of unusual situations
  • Professional and courteous
  • Willing to go above and beyond to help
Londoners and Passengers

Personality: Various people who encounter Mijbil and fail to recognize him as an otter.

Traits:

  • Unfamiliar with otters
  • Creative in their guesses about Mijbil's species
  • Amused and curious about the unusual pet
  • Some frightened during the plane incident
  • Varied reactions from confusion to amusement

Themes and Literary Elements

1. The Otter Fixation and Human-Animal Bond

The central theme is the author's deep fascination with otters, which he describes as "a thraldom to otters, an otter fixation." The story explores how this fascination leads to a profound bond between human and animal, showing that animals can become more than pets - they can become obsessions and life-changing companions. The author notes that this fixation is shared by "most other people who have ever owned one."

2. Adventure and Discovery

The story is filled with adventure - from the journey to Iraq, to the discovery of a new otter species, to the chaotic flight to England, and finally to life in London. Each phase brings new discoveries about Mijbil's capabilities and the challenges of keeping an unusual pet. The author's journey to Basra, the communication difficulties, and the eventual discovery of the otter all contribute to this sense of adventure.

3. Intelligence and Animal Behavior

The story celebrates animal intelligence, particularly Mijbil's ability to learn complex tasks like turning water taps and inventing games. It shows how otters have unique characteristics and behaviors that make them fascinating companions. The author's detailed observations about otter behavior - such as their need to keep water moving and their playful nature - reveal his deep understanding and appreciation of these animals.

4. Humor and Misadventure

Much of the story is humorous, from Mijbil's water antics to the chaotic plane journey to the various misidentifications by Londoners. The author's dry wit and the absurd situations create a light, entertaining tone despite the challenges. The contrast between the author's serious intentions and the comical outcomes of Mijbil's behavior adds to the humor.

5. Cultural Misunderstanding and Recognition

The story explores how different cultures view and interact with animals. In Iraq, otters are common and tamed, while in London, they're completely unknown, leading to humorous misidentifications and the author's need to explain what Mijbil is. The various guesses from Londoners - from "baby seal" to "brontosaur" - highlight this cultural gap.

6. The Journey from Isolation to Companionship

Mijbil's transformation from an initially aloof and indifferent creature to a loving, playful companion mirrors the author's own journey. The story shows how patience, understanding, and care can transform a wild animal into a beloved pet, and how this relationship changes both the human and the animal.

7. Literary Elements

Autobiographical: The story is based on the author's real experiences with his otter
Descriptive Language: Vivid descriptions of Mijbil's appearance, behavior, and the various settings
Character Development: Both the author and Mijbil grow and change throughout the story
Structure: Organized in four clear parts, each focusing on a different phase of the journey
Humor: Uses wit and irony to make serious situations entertaining
Dialogue: Includes realistic conversations and reactions from various characters
Setting: Vivid descriptions of locations from Iraq to London, creating a strong sense of place

Comprehension Questions

1. What did the author decide to keep as a pet instead of a dog?

The author decided to keep an otter as a pet instead of a dog.

2. Where did the author's friend suggest he could find an otter?

The author's friend suggested that he could find otters in the Tigris marshes near Basra, where they were as common as mosquitoes and often tamed by Arabs.

3. What difficulties did the author face while trying to communicate from Basra?

The author faced several communication difficulties: phone lines were out of order, exchanges were closed for religious holidays, and there were technical breakdowns. He had to book calls 24 hours in advance and faced multiple delays.

4. How did the author receive the otter?

The author received the otter when he found two Arabs in his bedroom with a squirming sack. They delivered the otter with a note from his friend saying he had found it in the marshes near Basra.

5. What did Mijbil look like when he first emerged from the sack?

Mijbil resembled a very small, medievally-conceived dragon. He was coated with symmetrical pointed scales of mud armour, between whose tips was visible a soft velvet fur like that of a chocolate-brown mole.

6. What scientific significance did Mijbil have?

Mijbil was of a race previously unknown to science and was later christened by zoologists as Lutrogale perspicillata maxwelli, or Maxwell's otter.

7. How did Mijbil demonstrate his intelligence in the bathroom?

Mijbil demonstrated his intelligence by learning to turn on water taps. He would fumble at the chromium taps with his paws and could turn the tap far enough to produce water flow, though sometimes he would turn it the wrong way.

8. What were Mijbil's favorite toys and how did he play with them?

Mijbil's favorite toys were marbles. He would lie on his back and roll two or more marbles up and down his wide, flat belly without ever dropping one to the floor. He also played with rubber balls, shuffling them around like a four-footed soccer player.

9. What challenges did the author face while transporting Mijbil to England?

The author faced several challenges: British airlines wouldn't fly animals, so he had to book a flight to Paris then London; Mijbil had to be packed in a small box; Mijbil tore the box lining and injured himself; and during the flight, Mijbil escaped and caused chaos among passengers.

10. How did the air hostess help during the flight?

The air hostess was extremely helpful - she suggested keeping Mijbil on the author's knee instead of in the box, helped manage the chaotic situation when Mijbil escaped, and offered to find the animal and bring it back to the author. The author describes her as "the very queen of her kind."

11. What game did Mijbil invent with the ping-pong ball in London?

Mijbil invented a game using a damaged suitcase with a sloped lid. He would place the ball on the high end, let it run down the length of the suitcase, then dash around to the other end to ambush its arrival, hide from it, spring up to take it by surprise, grab it, and trot off with it to the high end once more.

12. What compulsive habits did Mijbil develop during walks in London?

Mijbil developed compulsive habits like the rituals of children - he would place his feet squarely on the centre of each paving block, touch every seventh upright of the iron railings, or pass to the outside of every second lamp post. He also had a habit of jumping on a low wall near a school and galloping its full length on his way home.

13. How did Londoners react to seeing Mijbil?

Londoners failed to recognize Mijbil as an otter and made various guesses about what kind of animal he was. They guessed everything from "baby seal" and "squirrel" to "walrus," "hippo," "beaver," "bear cub," "leopard," and even "brontosaur."

14. What was the most memorable question about Mijbil's identity?

The most memorable question came from a labourer digging a hole in the street. He laid down his tool, put his hands on his hips, stared at Mijbil, and then growled out, "Here, Mister — what is that supposed to be?" with an expression of surprise and affront.

15. What does the story reveal about the author's relationship with otters?

The story reveals that the author developed "a thraldom to otters, an otter fixation" that began with Mijbil and has continued throughout his life. He describes it as a phase that has not yet ended and may not end before he does, showing how deeply this experience affected him.